Finance for Business Operated Repairing Household Works

Question: Talk about the Finance for Business for Operated Repairing Household Works. Answer: A. Emu hardware is the electronic maker recently worked fixing family unit works. As of now the business is extended and now known to be a maker of the strength electronic things. The organization is prime merchant of advanced mobile phone. For the rising interest of the assortment of highlights of advanced mobile phones, Emu gadgets spent more into the exploration and formative works for overhauling the framework and convey progressively changed rendition to their clients. In light of the case situation and the data, this report has tended to a few inquiries in the main area of the task. The computation of NPV, recompense period, benefit list has been done in the beneath referenced table: Year Deals (Unit) Unit cost ($) All out deals ($) 1 64000 485 31040000 2 106000 485 51410000 3 87000 485 42195000 4 78000 485 37830000 5 54000 485 26190000 Table 1: Total deals count (Source: Created by creator) Count of Depreciation Value($) Cost of Manufacturing Equipments 34500000 Deteriorated over the 7 years life (Straight Line Method) 4928571.429 Table 2: Per year deterioration count (Source: Created by creator) Count of Net income Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Net Sales 31040000 51410000 42195000 37830000 26190000 Fixed Costs - 5100000 - 5100000 - 5100000 - 5100000 - 5100000 Variable Costs - 13120000 - 21730000 - 17835000 - 15990000 - 11070000 All out expenses - 18220000 - 26830000 - 22935000 - 21090000 - 16170000 Benefit 12820000 24580000 19260000 16740000 10020000 Less: Depreciation - 4928571 - 4928571 - 4928571 - 4928571 - 4928571 EBIT 7891429 19651429 14331429 11811429 5091429 Corporate Tax@30% 2367428.7 5895428.7 4299428.7 3543428.7 1527428.7 EAT 5524000 13756000 10032000 8268000 3564000 All out income (EAT+Dep) 10452571 18684571 14960571 13196571 8492571 Table 3: Calculation of Net income (Source: Created by creator) Computation of Net working capital 6208000 10282000 8439000 7566000 5238000 Changes in Working capital 4074000 - 1843000 - 873000 - 2328000 Table 4: changes in working capital throughout the years (Source: Created by creator) Year Income Changes in NWC Total income Limited factor (@12%) Limited Cash stream 0 - 35450000 0 - 35450000 1 10452571 10452571 - 24997429 0.892857143 9332652.946 2 18684571 - 4074000 14610571 - 10386857 0.797193878 11647457.99 3 14960571 1843000 16803571 6416714 0.711780248 11960450.14 4 13196571 873000 14069571 20486285 0.635518078 8941466.917 5 8492571 2328000 10820571 31306857 0.567426856 6139882.75 48021910.74 Recompense period 2.61813392 IRR 25% Gainfulness list 1.354637821 NPV 12571910.74 Table 5: Calculation of NPV (Source: Created by creator) Appraisal of affectability in agreement NPV to changes in cost It has been expected that the cost of the PDA has been diminished by 10 % Year Deals (Unit) Unit cost ($) All out deals ($) 1 64000 436.5 27936000 2 106000 436.5 46269000 3 87000 436.5 37975500 4 78000 436.5 34047000 5 54000 436.5 23571000 Table 6 : Revised marketing projection after value change (Source: Created by creator) Figuring of Net income Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Net Sales 27936000 46269000 37975500 34047000 23571000 Fixed Costs - 5100000 - 5100000 - 5100000 - 5100000 - 5100000 Variable Costs - 13120000 - 21730000 - 17835000 - 15990000 - 11070000 Complete expenses - 18220000 - 26830000 - 22935000 - 21090000 - 16170000 Benefit 9716000 19439000 15040500 12957000 7401000 Less: Depreciation - 4928571 - 4928571 - 4928571 - 4928571 - 4928571 EBIT 4787429 14510429 10111929 8028429 2472429 Corporate Tax@30% 1436228.7 4353128.7 3033578.7 2408528.7 741728.7 EAT 3351200 10157300 7078350 5619900 1730700 Complete income (EAT+Dep) 8279771 15085871 12006921 10548471 6659271 Figuring of Net working capital 5587200 9253800 7595100 6809400 4714200 Changes in Working capital 3666600 - 1658700 - 785700 - 2095200 Table: Revised working capital change (Source: Created by creator) Year Income Changes in NWC Aggregate income Limited factor (@12%) Limited Cash stream 0 - 35450000 - 35450000 1 8279771 8279771 - 27170228.7 0.892857143 7392653 2 15085871 - 3666600 11419271 - 15750957 0.797193878 9103373 3 12006921 1658700 13665621 - 2085336 0.711780248 9726919 4 10548471 785700 11334171 9248835 0.635518078 7203071 5 6659271 2095200 8754471 18003307 0.567426856 4967522 38393538 Recompense period 3 IRR 15% Productivity Index 1.083033521 NPV 2943538.316 Table 7: Changed NPV computation thinking about the Price variance (Source: made by creator) In the above situation, the NPV is determined accepting the 10% decrease in cost of the results of the Emu Electronics. All things considered, per unit selling cost has been changed to $485 to $436.5. Here the NPV is decreased from $12571910.74 to $2943538.316. This is very apparent that the cost is exceptionally delicate. These progressions additionally influence on the benefit file of the business. As indicated by Galvez, Ordieres-Mer and Capuz-Rizo (2015), the affectability assists with making comprehend the general changes to the evaluation of the benefit of the business. For this situation, the value decrease has been thought of and estimation has been done dependent on 10 percent value decrease thought. Evaluate affectability in understanding NPV to changes in deals It has been accepted that the deals of the advanced cell has been decreased by 16 % Year Deals (Unit) Unit cost ($) Absolute deals ($) 1 53760 485 26073600 2 89040 485 43184400 3 73080 485 35443800 4 65520 485 31777200 5 45360 485 21999600 Table : Calculation of deals thinking about the business decrease (Source: made by creator) Estimation of Net working capital 5214720 8636880 7088760 6355440 4399920 Changes in Working capital 3422160 - 1548120 - 733320 - 1955520 Table 8 : Changes in working capital (Source: Created by creator) Year Income Changes in NWC Total income Limited factor (@12%) Limited Cash stream 0 - 35450000 - 35450000 1 6976091 6976091 - 28473908.7 0.892857143 6228652.946 2 12926651 - 3422160 9504491 - 18969417 0.797193878 7576922.274 3 10234731 1548120 11782851 - 7186566 0.711780248 8386800.818 4 8959611 733320 9692931 2506365 0.635518078 6160033.074 5 5559291 1955520 7514811 10021177 0.567426856 4264105.747 32616514.86 Restitution period 4 IRR 9% Gainfulness Index 0.920070941 NPV - 2833485.141 Table 9: NPV estimation thinking about the business change (Source: made by creator) In the above situation, the whole NPV computation has been done dependent on the supposition of the decrease of deals volume by 16 percent. Under this condition, the business units have been diminished and hence, the net deals sum is additionally being diminished. In view of the 12 percent limiting element, the net present worth, gainfulness file, restitution period and IRR have been determined. This is obviously indica

Violent Sexual OffensesCritical Impact on Children Free Solution

Question: Fundamentally inspect the contention that kids who submit murder ought not be indicted? Answer: Vicious Sexual Offenses Sexual culpable is an instance of explicitly mishandling or exploiting someone else. Throughout the previous twenty years, sexual culpable has step by step expanded among the western nations. The sexual wrongdoer may have a place with same sex gathering or other sex gathering. The age contrast may happen or the guilty party may have a place with a similar age gathering. Lately, sexual culpable isn't just an issue in western nations, however it has likewise expanded in different areas of the world as well (Loeber and Farrington 2012). One of the most amazing truth is that, adolescent lawbreakers are likewise oppressed for the wrongdoing of sexual culpable. This marvel is an exceptionally concerning issue, as kids or adolescents are likewise carrying out sexual culpable violations upsetting the typical social structure of the general public (Greenwood, Model and Rydell 2010). The primary object of this article is to feature and basically dissect the issues of youngsters who execute. Po litical and media reactions against such cases is likewise assessed as they assume a fundamental job in typical society. Assessment of such occasions is additionally to be completed as these sorts of homicide cases assume a significant job in changing the adolescent criminal equity framework (Giordano 2010). Considering the way that adolescent criminal perpetrating sexual culpable is an occasional occasion, yet it is imperative to extensively talk about the issues as the pace of such occasions is bit by bit expanding. To talk about and dissect these variables, one thing that ought to be remembered that, it is imperative to discover the real explanation for such criminal occasions (Farrington 2010). Kid brain research assume a significant job in such cases as the wrongdoer is an adolescent and in the greater part of the cases they carry out such wrongdoings without knowing about the results. As per R.N. Kocsis, adolescents submit a sizable moment measure of offenses. According to the factual information gathered by Ayres and associates, captures made for the reason for sexual offenses during the time of 2000 to 2002 in England and Wales were around 7500 cases. The most concerning reality is that almost 47 percent to 58 percent of grown-up sex guilty parties submit their first offense as an immature. This information just adds to the way that, there is a tremendous chance that, an adolescent sex wrongdoer will advance to and grown-up guilty party (Loeber and Farrington 2012). The base age viewed as the time of criminal duty is the age at which the youngster can stand preliminary and can be indicted for a criminal offense. The part of adolescent age limit is the way that whether the kid is submitting the offense knowing the results and result of it (Farmer, 2011). In a large portion of the cases it is seen that because of absence of information about the results and result, a kid submits a sexual offense. The base age limit in England, Wales and Northern Ireland is 10 years of age. Till the time of 1933, as far as possible was 8 years at the same time, in 1933 as far as possible was expanded to ten years. In Scotland, the criminal age limit is 8 years, while, the age for conviction is around 12 years (Capriani). There is likewise a worry about the way that whether a kid guilty party have the information, results and result of the wrongdoing he has submitted. Until the year 1999, there was a legitimate assumption which is otherwise called doli incapax. As per this assumption, the youngsters who are younger than fourteen don't know are had any information about the contrasts among good and bad. Accordingly, they were viewed as unequipped for submitting an offense. In any case, this assumption was annulled through the area 34 of the demonstration known as Crime and Disorder Act 1998. In current occasions, the criminal law office treats kids matured between ten to thirteen in a similar way as those matured fourteen or above. On the off chance that we think about the present situation in England, the factual information shows that the quantity of youngsters indicted for homicide has varied from year to year yet at the same time the number remains reliably low. Exploring from the wrongdoing information, it is discovered that from the year 1979 to 1994, an all out number of 108 youthful adolescents who were matured ten to sixteen. Among every one of these cases, eight of these were submitted by the kids matured under fourteen. Up to the year 1989, the quantity of murders submitted by adolescents floated around 20 cases for each year (Cornish and Clarke 2014). There are some celebrated cases which can be talked about for the better comprehension of these sorts of cases. The instance of Ciaran Collins (1988) is one of the popular cases throughout the entire existence of criminology. In the time of 1988, Ciaran Collins, snatched a multi year old kid named Sharana Joseph (Greenwood, Model and Rydell 2011). The episode occurred at Borehamwood, Hertfordshire. Subsequent to snatching, Collins took the kid to a railroad bank where he killed the kid by choking out her in delicate mud. In 1988, he turned into the most youthful kid in the United Kingdom to stand preliminary for a homicide case. During his preliminary, Collins was depicted as a youngster who was forlorn and upset (Feld 2012). The media basically papers featured this news without question. The photo of the youngster was imprinted on the first page. As for time, this news sensation was before long overlooked. One all the more astonishing reality about this specific case is that there i s an enormous likeness between this case and the Bulger case (Heide, Solomon, Sellers and Chan 2010). Another case which can be talked about for its uniqueness is the homicide instance of James Bulger (1993). On second February, 1993 James Bulger, who was a multi year old kid was driven by the hand by two other more seasoned young men from the Strand Shopping Centtre in Bootle, Mersyside (Smith 2011). The three young men strolled together for around two miles through the bustling avenues towards the private spot of the more seasoned two young men. Following two days, James Bolgers body was found on a railroad line (Farrington 2011). The state of the body was serious, it was found as sliced down the middle by a train. The dead body was recouped and after assessment, legal report indicated that his season of death was before the appearance of the train. Reports additionally expressed that he was beaten with a hard item uniquely blocks, stones and a metal bar. His pants and undies additionally have been expelled (Giordano 2010). There were away from of sexual maltreatment found in the l egal reports while a tin of little paint and four little batteries were discovered close by. The charged were two multi year old young men. They were accused of the offense of kidnapping and murder alongside the endeavored snatching of another kid around the same time. The young men were later on trialed at the Preston Crown Court in November 1993. They were seen as liable (Jackson 2015). The name of the two young men, were Robert Thompson and Jon Venables. It was additionally inferred that the two young men didn't know about the outcomes. A few speculations additionally recommend that, at that age, young men for the most part experience adolescence. Due the hormonal changes, and obscure of the result and outcome of such acts, they carry out such wrongdoings. Be that as it may, a few scholars forbid this idea (Cipriani 2013). They recommend that wrongdoing and murder expectations are a mental issue emerging from mental injury. Another case which can be featured is the situation of Silje Readergard. In the time of 1994, multi year old Silje Raedergard was pounded the life out of by a few young men matured six. The episode occurred in Trondheim, Norway. It is said that every one of them were playing snow château on a football field. While playing, the young men out of nowhere went to the young lady. The young lady was reliably punched, kicked (Eady 2010). She was beaten with stones. From that point onward, they peeled off her garments. They fled and let her kick the bucket in the day off. The most huge part of this case was that both the James Bulgar and Silje case were to some degree comparable (Barry and Leonardsen, 2012). The contrasts between these two cases were called attention to as the media inclusion. In the Bulgar case, there were CCTV pictures, and newspaper paper inclusion. For this situation there were no such publicity and proof. The news was not secured by any Norwegian paper. The name of the young men was never uncovered and the namelessness is ensured till now (Smith 2011). The obscurity of this occurrence is the greatest circle of this case. For the most part individuals ought to be educated regarding such cases. Crimes like this will mindful individuals and they will focus on their kid. The young men were never arraigned for this offense. They were even joined up with nearby newborn children school following half a month of the occurrence (Barry and Leonardsen 2012). This occurrence the absence of respectability of the legislature and their easygoing methodology towards these sorts of cases. The legislature ought to be progressively worried about such episode and giving appropriate law and equity office. As the guilty parties were youngsters, the administration let them go (Pusateri et al. 2013). It was not referenced that whether the young men were upset or experienced any sorts of mental injury or confusion. On the off chance that this was the situation, at that p oint it was an immense hazard to concede those young men in the general baby school. It was an unsafe diciscion by the legislature and the specialists. These properties ought to be remembered in cases identifying with this specific space (Heidi et al. 2010). Anyway the case that included the youngster by the name James Bulger in the year 1993 was educated in the United Kingdom gave an across the country frenzy and stun to the regular people. The CCTV film has indicated that two kid by the name Thompson and Venables has snatched James Bulger inside the New Strand Shopping Center. Around 3:40 pm Denise (the mother of James Bulger) understood that his youngster is missing, and she announced it to the nearby police. Later police recognized the two hijackers and distinguished the specific time of the snatching is 15:42 from the CCTV film of the mall (Wolff and Smith 201

Mark Prior Free Essays

Karma has had little to do with Mark Prior’s accomplishment as a ballplayer. It was his devotion andâ talent that arrived Prior in the significant classes and maybe an absence of karma that ascribed to one side  handed pitcher being sidelined during the pinnacle of his profession. Be that as it may, at age 26, Prior is hopeful ofâ a rebound. We will compose a custom article test on Imprint Prior or then again any comparative subject just for you Request Now When Prior appeared with the Chicago Cubs on May 22, 2002, he didn't be anything short ofâ impressive which ought to have been normal considering he was the subsequent in general pick in theâ draft. His record earned him elite player status as he was picked to play in the 2003 All-Star game inâ only his first full season in the significant associations. Prior’s pitching procedure appeared to be impeccable and was viewed as a mix of the styles of Greg Maddox and Roger Clemens. His first full season with the Chicago Cubs positioned him thirdâ in the National League’s Cy Young Award casting a ballot with a record of 18 successes and just six losses. Prior turned out to be notable for his 90 or more mph fastball, curve, slurveball and changeup. Be that as it may, crack mishaps and wounds started to disturb his profession really taking shape. Various stretches onâ the incapacitated rundown and now a whole season on hold to recover from shoulder medical procedure haveâ many scrutinizing the eventual fate of the once esteemed Cubs pitcher. Conceived September 7, 1980, Prior went to University of San Diego High School where heâ excelled ready field. As a 1998 alumni, he had a 0.93 earned run normal. Earlier was thenâ drafted by the New York Yankees in the beginner draft yet an agreement was never arranged andâ signed. He started his advanced degree at Vanderbilt University, a similar school his dad attended. During his sophomore year, Prior moved to the University of Southern California (USC). There he was regarded as extraordinary compared to other university competitors in the nation. Earlier pitched for USC for two seasons and earned various honors including seven national Player of the Year grants. As a lesser, his record was 15-1 with six complete games and threeâ shutouts. His ERA was 1.69. He earned the esteemed Golden Spikes Award. He additionally drove theâ team to the 2000 College World Series. Earlier entered the draft again and this time he was picked as the second pick generally speaking in theâ draft. As he focused on his baseball vocation and the expectation of one day being called up to playâ for the Chicago Cubs, Prior proceeded with his advanced degree on low maintenance premise and eventuallyâ earned a business degree in 2004 from the USC Marshall School of Business. In 2003, his first full season as a pitcher for the Cubs, his ability was clear as he counted anâ 18-6 win-lose record notwithstanding missing three beginnings because of a physical issue. Earlier was harmed when heâ collided on the field with the Atlanta Braves second baseman Marcus Giles. Both Prior and Gilesâ were booked to play in the 2003 All-Star Game yet missed because of their injuries. Prior was casted a ballot Player of the Month in August and September. He proceeded to procure a 10-1â record as the Cubs advanced into the end of the season games. That prompted the notorious fan interferenceâ incident in which Steve Bartman got a fly ball hit into the stands that could have effectively beenâ caught by the Cubs outfielder. The Cubs wound up losing the game and Prior endured theâ loss. In 2004, Prior missed the initial two months of the period with an Achilles ligament injury. Although gossipy tidbits surfaced that Prior required reconstructive elbow medical procedure, he came back to theâ mound with a not exactly heavenly execution with six successes and four misfortunes and an ERA of 4.02. Again in 2005, Prior began the season on the handicapped rundown. He returned and was pitching upâ to standard until May 27th when another mishap came his direction. Earlier was pitching to Brad Hawpe, an old opponent from LSU who hit a three-run grand slam off Prior in the College World Series. As they went head to head in the significant alliances, Hawpe bored a pitchâ and sent a 117 mph line drive back to Prior, hitting him in the correct elbow and putting him on theâ disabled list with a pressure break. Earlier completed the season 11-7 of every 27 starts. During spring preparing the next year, Prior started to feel a firmness in his throwingâ shoulder. He was put on a moderate pitch program and sent for tests that uncovered he had a strainedâ shoulder. He was put on the impaired rundown for 15 days in March missing the beginning of the 2006â season. At the point when he returned, he surrendered six rushes to the Detroit Tigers in the main inning. He wentâ on to win a staggering 0-4 record with a 7.71 ERA and was indeed put on the impaired listâ after stressing his left angled during batting practice. He came back to the small time and threeâ games later, Prior earned his first win of the year against the Pittsburgh Pirates. By August of 2006, he was back on the handicapped rundown with tendonitis for the rest of theâ season. His record was 1-6 and ERA was a high 7.21.During the slow time of year, he griped of a free shoulder and when molding did notâ improve the circumstance, Prior looked for clinical treatment and found he would require arthroscopicâ surgery on his correct shoulder. In April, Prior experienced medical procedure and it was fruitful yet put an early end to the 2007â season before it even started for him. On account of his age, specialists see no explanation Prior cannotâ return to contributing 2007. Assets MLB Advanced Media, LP (2001-2007) Chicago Cubs. Recovered May 8, 2007 from http://chicago.cubs.mlb.com/group/player.jsp?player_id=407578   The most effective method to refer to Mark Prior, Essay models

The Merger Of Airtran By Southwest Airlines - 1910 Words

THE MERGER OF AIRTRAN BY SOUTHWEST AIRLINES: WILL THE ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURES MERGE? Date: Sep 13, 2014 Harshdeep Sikarwar Critical facts †¢ Southwest Airline Co. is nation’s largest airline company established in June 18, 1971 headquartered in Dallas, Texas, with a 41 year continuous profitability record.[1] Southwest before Merger †¢ Even in the one of the worst year of American history, with an ongoing recession Southwest was able to maintain its profitability for consecutive 38th year in 2010. †¢ Southwest had approximately 34,500 employees by June 30, 2010(2) with 15,069 flight, 2,464 maintenance, 15,205 ground, 2,163 management, accounting clerical personals.[2] †¢ In 2010 with the net income of $459 million, excluding special items it achieved 285% profit increase from the last year, $600 million bank line of credit and 40% debt to total capital.[2] †¢ Acquiring Morris Air and Muse Air in 1980’s Southwest emerged as one of the market leader in the American domestic aviation industry.[2] Current Southwest †¢ 9th most admired company in the world – Fortune magazine, on the top in customer satisfaction – Consumer report’s survey, nation’s first company to provide online ticketing.[1] †¢ By December 31, 2013 Southwest’s 44,831 employees handling 3,600 flights daily, 96 destination across 41 states of United States.[1] †¢ Whooping total net income of $754 million, which was nearly double the performance of 2012 with a record increase of 95%, grossed $17.7 billion inShow MoreRelatedThe Merger Of Airtran By Southwest Airlines1234 Words   |  5 PagesTitle of Case: THE MERGER OF AIRTRAN BY SOUTHWEST AIRLINES: WILL THE ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURES MERGE? Date: 09/14/2014 Name: Sagar Mehta. Critical Facts: â€Å"On Sept. 27, 2010, Southwest Airlines announced it would purchase AirTran Holdings in a $1.42 billion deal that will expand the nation s largest low-cost airline to 37 new cities.† (Young) â€Å"After Merger â€Å"Southwest becomes the nation’s fourth largest airline†. The AirTran merger would give Southwest new or expanded presence in 63 markets includingRead MoreSouthwest Airline Merger With AirTran Essay1450 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Southwest Airlines has come from an underdog to being one of the best airlines in the industry. This reputation translates from its strategic management of resources. The Co-founder and former CEO, Herb Kelleher, established a unique corporate culture that leads to high customer satisfaction, employees’ morale, and one of the most profitable airlines in the industry (Jackson et al., 2012). The corporate culture concentrates on empowerment the workforce. 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My recommended strategy for Southwest to pursue, is to merge with Air-Tran and expand into areas where Air-Tran has a heavy presence and Southwest has none. With Southwest having a weak presence in the southeastern U.S., a key area to expand would be Atlanta’s Hartsfield-Jackson International, which is the busiest airport in the U.S. There is obviously a need for the low air-fare company at this site. Southwest’sRead MoreSouthwest Airline Has Changed The Company Or Foreseeable Problems Essay1227 Words   |  5 Pagescontinues the same path that Herb Kelleher put in motion that there should be no major setbacks to the company or foreseeable problems. Southwest’s Strategies Goals Met On October, 2016 Southwest Airline has scheduled flights to 98 destinations in 41 states, Puerto Rico, Mexico, Central American and the Caribbean. Southwest has done an â€Å"A† rated job of implementing and following the initial company strategy, and a phenomenal job of growing and sustaining through highly competitive market demands. Southwest’s

Ancient Eastern Thought and the Old Testament Essay

LIBERTY UNIVERSITY THE BIBLE AMONG THE MYTHS JOHN, N. OSWALT A SUMMARY PAPER OF THE TEXT ANCIENT NEAR EASTERN THOUGHT AND THE OLD TESTAMENT SUBMITTED TO DR. RANDY G. HANEY DEPARTMENT OF THEOLOGY BY 03 MARCH 2013 Table of Contents CHAPTER 1: HISTORY AND METHODS 3 CHAPTER 2: COMPARATIVE STUDIES, SCHOLARSHIP, AND THEOLOGY 6 CHAPTER 3: SUMMARY OF THE LITERATURE OF THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST 10 CHAPTER 4: THE GODS 14 CHAPTER 5: TEMPLES AND RITUALS 19 CHAPTER 6: STATE AND FAMILY RELIGION 22 CHAPTER 7: COSMIC GEOGRAPHY 25 CHAPTER 8: COSMOLOGY AND COSMOGONY 28 CHAPTER 9: UNDERSTANDING THE PAST HUMAN ORIGINS AND ROLE 31 CHAPTER 10: UNDERSTANDING THE PAST 34 CHAPTER 11: ENCOUNTERING THE PRESENT 38 CHAPTER 12:†¦show more content†¦Cultural Dimensions of Theology An examination of Israelite theology goes beyond finding similarities and differences, it should articulate the relationships which existed and clarify the cultural context. Otherwise, the mere interpretation of text may lead to interpretation with a theological significance based on our understanding. Scope of Comparative Study Academic attention in comparative studies focused on either individual features or literary preservation of traditions. Comparative research can be divided into three categories: 1) individual elements, 2) worldview concepts, and 3) literary preservation. Conclusions Walton listed ten principles for performing comparative studies and stated four goals for undertaking background studies. CHAPTER 2: COMPARATIVE STUDIES, SCHOLARSHIP, AND THEOLOGY Comparative study is employed by critical scholars in the critical study of historical and literary texts and is also used in confessional contexts. This chapter will look at the roles comparative studies play in both the critical and confessional contexts as well as how it is utilized for polemic purposes. Comparative Study and Critical Scholarship Darwin’s theory of evolution spurred critical scholarship in the nineteenth century and evolution provided the groundwork for being sympathetic to the idea that religious practice andShow MoreRelatedBook Summary of John H. Walton, Ancient Near Eastern Thought and the Old Testament:4623 Words   |  19 PagesJohn H. Walton’s Ancient Near Eastern Thought and the Old Testament: Introducing the Conceptual World of the Hebrew Bible is broken up into fourteen chapters. Those fourteen chapters are each part of one of five sections. This book also contains over twenty historical images. Before the introduction, the author gives readers a full appendix of all images used in this published work. The author then gives his acknowledgements followed by a list of abbreviations. Part 1- Comparative studies TheRead MoreAncient Near Eastern Thought Essay3623 Words   |  15 PagesAncient Near Eastern Thought and the Old Testament (Introducing the Conceptual World of the Hebrew Bible) Introduction Using contemporary studies as the foundation of his research John Walton reviews the ancient and Near Eastern and Israelite cognitive context. He provides guidance for students and general public to have a wider understanding and expand their knowledge of today’s culture, and historical culture interacts with the ancient world culture. In doing so, he tries to balance allRead MoreA Discussion Of The Old And New Testaments Essay1141 Words   |  5 Pagesrelevance to both a discussion of the Old and New Testaments. In specific terms Wisdom is associated with Creation and with Redemption in both Testaments as an illustration of its importance in overall Salvation History. Wisdom is generally understood as the right use of knowledge. 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Vancouver Island Eco Initiatives Request For Proposal...

The proposal, â€Å"Vancouver Island Eco Initiatives – Request for Proposal VIEI-11-02†, is a written by the student, Sarah Smith, with the intent of implementing a platform to sell second hand goods. The goal of students selling their second hand goods is to raise environmental awareness be recycling of goods and generate economic support for the students attending Camosun College. Given the objectives of the proposal, some modifications should be made in order to improve the clarity of the intent. Such modifications are: Further and clarification of the explanation of the proposed idea Identification of any potential drawbacks and consequent predicted solutions Further exploration of more aspects of implementing the idea Under the assumption that these recommendations are taken and corrected, it is expected that the proposal will then be ready for appropriate consideration. Adjustments to the way in which the proposed idea is explained will improve the overall clarity and goals of the proposal. Further explanation is required for the basic operations of the proposal. When the student suggests that the students receive the funds raised by the second hand sales in the form of bursaries, it leaves the reader wondering if the intent is to have an individual bursary awarded to each student who participate or is there 16 general bursary for all the funds of the sales. In the first case, who will be responsible for the allocation and distribution of the individual bursaries? InShow MoreRelatedThe Vancouver Island Eco Initiatives1054 Words   |  5 PagesTThe proposal I have selected is the ‘Vancouver Island Eco Initiatives – Request Proposals VIEI – 11- 02’, this proposal talks about creating a support system for the students at Camosun College. It is economically friendly in the way that the ‘re-use, recycle’ method wo uld be put into place at both campuses. The proposal itself says that it will create financial support for students at both campuses, but has very poor English and vocabulary, and the main point is not made clear. Of what I could

Strategic Information System for Development - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theStrategic Information System for Development. Answer: Development and Adoption of Accounting Software Packages: In the current time of globalization, there are several types of accounting software and packages are used in the Austrian business sector to attain their strategic objectives effectively. For example, MYOB, Xero, Reckon/Intuit, ERP etc are the major players in the Australian accounting software industry. These are providing a lot of specific features accounting software or packages to their corporate and individual clients. In addition to this, it should also be noted down that, these accounting software are developed and adopted by both corporate and individual clients for the different purposes and use. For example, an individual customer develops and adopts accounting software in order to make future financial plan and perform day to day tasks (Shim, and Siegel, 2005). On the other hand, business firms use, adopt and develop various types of accounting software to run different business functions related to invoicing, billing, taxation, supply chain, bookkeeping, payroll analysis etc. These software packages are allowing the business firms to overcome various business challenges, reduce cost and improve business functioning. For case, accounting software could be adopt and develop in order to bring innovation, development and improvements within the current business process and systems. At the same time, an individual client could prepare and develop budget, financial plan and could perform other functions in an effective and more significant manner (Parsons, and Oja, 2012). The Current Market Size Market Leader: The given below chart is clearly and effectively presenting that, MYOB is the market leader in the industry with the highest market share, profit, revenue and sale. In addition to this, it is also analyzed that, in the Australian accounting software industry, MYOB had covered more than 80% market share of the overall industry. Moreover, the unique features, functionalities, unique services available with the MYOB had helped the company to gain maximum market share as compared to other accounting software firms. For example, with the help of MYOB, a company or individual could perform a number of tasks and functions accurately, effectively and properly (MYOB. 2017). In contrast, Recon is the second largest company in the Australian accounting software industry that has 12% market share of the total industry. Along with this, it is also analyzed that, Xero had only 8% market share of the total market that is very low as compare to Recon and MYOB. Finally, based on the overall analysis, it can be said that, with 80% market share, MYOB is the market leader in the industry (Xero. 2017). Competitive Advantage: Each and every accounting software packages have their own functionalities, features and services that provide scope of competitive advantages to the user directly or indirectly. For example, MYOB provides competitive advantages to their uses by allowing them to conduct a wide range of functions effectively such as: accounting, GST and BAS, payroll management, manage customers and suppliers, inventory management, manage multiple currencies, time billing, live reporting, multi-user access. On the other hand, with the help of Recon, the user can gain competitive scope effectively. For example, it helps the users to gain real time information quickly and develop best strategy as per organizational needs. In contrast, Xero is allows the users to perform functions related to inventory, purchasing, banking etc. Overall, it can be said that, these software packages are providing opportunities to the uses to gain competitive advantages from the market effectively (Needles, Powers, and Crosso n, 2010). Current Gaps/Challenges and Suggestions to Overcome Challenges: It is accessed and found that, a lot of serious and significant issues or challenges are faced and encountered by the individual customers and corporate customer in using and implementing various types of accounting software or packages. For example, cost and time are the important factors that directly affect the users ability and financial position. It means the implementation process is more complicated that require more time, high cost and more efforts. For example, in order to execute the accounting software within the organization, a company may have to invest huge money on the training and development programs for the employees. So, the employees can effectively understand the new system (Gitman, and McDaniel, 2007). This directly brings direct and indirect cost for the company. On the other hand, in order to properly install and run the new software, a company is also requires technical staff and IT professionals this negatively affect the profitability of the company. Moreov er, several issues related to security may also be faced by the users of accounting software. For example, someone could hack the important and valuable data and information of the company through unauthorized access. Hence, it may create the chances of fraud, cyber crime for the company. But, in order to effectively address and overcome such issues, the users should adopt specific security measures and strategies. Moreover, the company should train their employees or staff about the new technology (Morley, and Parker, 2009). References Gitman, L.J. McDaniel, C.D. (2007). The Future of Business: The Essentials: The Essentials. USA: Cengage Learning. Morley, D. and Parker, C.S. (2009) Understanding Computers: Today Tomorrow, 2009 Upate: Today and Tomorrow. USA: Cengage Learning. Needles, B.E., Powers, M. and Crosson, S.V. (2010). Financial Managerial Accounting. USA: Cengage Learning. Parsons, J.J. and Oja, D. (2012). Computer Concepts: Illustrated Introductory (9th ed.). USA:Cengage Learning. Shim, J.K. and Siegel, J.G. (2005). The Vest Pocket Guide to Information Technology (2nd ed.).USA: John Wiley Sons. MYOB (2016). Available At: https://myob.com.au/ [Accessed on 15 May 2017] Xero (2016). Available At: https://www.xero.com/ [Accessed on 15 May 2017]

Essay Essays (1935 words) - Films, Creative Works, Religion

Almis Mohamed Ms. Jessop ENG4U1-15 June 3, 2019 Night and Life of Pi Theme Comparison Religion is an abstract concept that can often push a person forward and motivate them to survive. However, during hardships or times of injustice, one's faith can either be strengthened or lost. Elie's struggles are communal, and his entire Jewish community is suffering, where Pi has individual struggles that he overcomes with what he thinks is help from God. In Night , traumatizing experiences make Elie lose his faith in his God, and he soon abandons his faith in his religion. Elie once used to be a pious Jew, but that changes throughout the story as he faces different challenges and sees inhumane acts committed, which leads him to question the existence of God. In Life of Pi , events that occur such as the rainstorm, makes Pi think that God is watching over him and giving him a helping hand as he faces these unfortunate events. Instead of questioning God's existence, Pi thinks of hardships as God testing his faith, and how strong he is spiritually. Religion is one of the main themes that is portrayed in each book, and is a factor which plays a key role in each of the protagonists development. Both books have various signs from God, which leads the protagonists to suffering, that then alters their belief in their religion. One topic that is shown in Night and Life of Pi , is that the protagonists take certain events as signs from God. One difference between Elie and Pi, are their reactions to events that happen in their stories. In Night , when the infants are being thrown into the fire, Elie interprets it as God abandoning them, and he sees no signs of God, because he believes that a true God would be giving justice towards the Jews. The Jewish community suffers from seeing these acts of injustice, and when Elie sees his community suffering, it lowers his belief in God. "I do not deny God's existence, but I doubt his absolute justice" (Wiesel, 42). Elie interprets this as God not caring for the Jews, therefore not helping or giving them the justice they deserve. This lowers his faith in his religion and he starts to question God's existence because he sees his community struggling and receiving no help. Similarly, when Elie's dad is ill and the life in his eyes are gone, Elie takes it as a sign that God is non-existent because he has shown no justice or mercy towards him. "I know I was no longer arguing with him, but with death itself, with death that he had already chosen" (Wiesel, 105). Elie thinks to himself that if God is real, he would not cause so much suffering without justice. Elie's dad is the only family he has left, so when God takes his dad's life away, he takes it as a sign that God no longer cares about him and has left him. His reaction to these events lead him to believe that God is not real, which makes him lose faith in his religion, and the communal suffering leads him to further question God's existence. In Life of Pi, Pi also experiences signs from God, but he interprets them differently. In Life of Pie , Pi suffers individually, which makes him interpret certain events as signs from God, rather than just coincidences. When the rainstorm hits, Pi takes it as a sign that God is testing him through this hardship. However, the rainstorm is also a sign of God's mercy because it provides Pi with clean drinking water for him and Richard Parker, as well as providing them with fish, helping Pi survive."You reach a point where you're at the bottom of hell, yet you have your arms crossed and a smile on your face, and you feel you're the luckiest person on earth. Why? Because at your feet you have a tiny dead fish" (Martel, 217). This shows that Pi even during times of suffering, is thankful for what God has given him. Pi thinks that God is going to help him through his journey by answering his prayers, which strengthens his faith

Essay on Ayoder Janecasestudy 04122015

Essay on Ayoder Janecasestudy 04122015 Essay on Ayoder Janecasestudy 04122015 Jane Case Study Audrey Yoder Rasmussen College In this case study, the father keeps beating Jane. Because this keeps happening, it is causing her to become a stronger woman. She learns that he is doing because of fear and learns to use his fear to her advantage by making him give her what she desires. She makes him feel guilty for hitting her so he buys her what ever she would like. She then gets married to a man that beats her as well. She then turns it around to make him give her what she wants just like she did to her father. Jane acted like this because of the mental and physical pain her father had been causing her. She always felt like she was never good enough for him, and that caused her to turn against him. When she got married, and her husband started to do the same thing, it caused her to turn against him as well. She then learned to use their emotions against them. When she learned to do this, they stopped beating her and she then got what she wanted. She was using their own emotions against them. If Jane’s father ever gets married, he will most likely beat his wife. She will either leave him or learn to use it against him like Jane. If she leaved then it will cause more mental damage than he already has. If she chooses to stay, she could learn to use it against him and still cause him more emotional trauma. The emotions he has that cause him to beat women need to be overcome. He should go see a psychologist and learn to overcome his fears. If he does this, then he will learn to overcome his fears and not beat women. Instead of Jane getting married, She decided to go to college.

Apple - Organization Profile Strategic Analysis Research Paper

Apple - Organization Profile Strategic Analysis - Research Paper Example By mid 2011, Apple had approximately 364 retail stores based in at least 13 countries, as well as a robust online store. Towards the end of 2011, Apple had 60,400 permanent, full-time employees globally. Its global annual revenue for the year 2010 was $65 billion and $ billion in 2011. The company’s shares are highly demanded in the stock exchange market with the latest sale price totaling $570 per share. Foundation Steve Jobs, Ronald Wayne and Steve Wozniak, established Apple in 1976, focusing on the sale of Apple 1 personal computer kit, which were hand-built by Wozniak. The company’s incorporation took place in early 1977 exclusive of Wayne who sold his shares to Jobs and Wozniak (Lashinsky 27). Ownership Apple Inc. is publicly owned after the company launched its IPO, in 1980, generating more capital than any other company since Ford Motor in 1956. Apple Inc. is a for-profit, C Corporation trading under the AAPL ticker on the NASDAQ stock exchange. Business The comp any’s business has evolved significantly since the early 1980s when its main products included the Mac. Today, the company concentrates more on the design and production of personal electronics such as iPhones and iPads than Macs since its iPads and iPhone generate more income than Macs. Industry The company is among the key players of the consumer electronics or devices industry, which encompasses some of the world’s biggest corporations. Research shows that the consumer electronic device industry generated revenues totaling $512 billion in the 2011 financial year (Lashinsky 115). This indicates a growth rate of 12% compared to the total revenue in 2010. Furthermore, in 2011, the industry experienced 29% positive growth in unit sales. This is indicative of the overall profitability of the industry. Competitors The industry is highly competitive encompassing large multinational corporations dealing in the manufacture of hardware such as computers and handset phones, so ftware and operating systems. Apple’s main competitors include Microsoft, Motorola Solutions, Samsung Electronics, AdMob, Songbird (POTI Inc.), Sony, Adobe Systems, Research in Motion, MUBI, SlideRocket, Hewlett Packard, LG, HTC, Palm, Nokia and Dell among others (Lashinsky 84). Industry Leaders While the consumer electronics industry is highly competitive, there are few companies that lead the rest in terms of market share, capitalization and profitability. The industry leaders are companies that continue to redefine their products in accordance to the latest technology. The leaders include Microsoft with regard to the provision of software and operating systems, market capitalization, revenues and market share. Nokia and Samsung are also leaders in the consumer electronics industry with regard to sales of handsets and market share for cell phones. Apple Inc. is also a key leader in the industry. Industry Structure The industry is highly competitive and dynamic and is curren tly enjoying relative maturity, which is characterized by declines in overall profitability, as well as intense market competition (Lashinsky 72). In this context, leading brands resort to improving competitive advantage through expansion. This results in the adoption of strategies such as brand consolidations, acquisitions and mergers. These structural approaches help companies to maintain their positions in the highly lucrative

The role of innocence in the exoneration process Essay

The role of innocence in the exoneration process - Essay Example However, this is not always to be, and there is always the likelihood that an innocent person is convicted2. This paper attempts to explain ways that people wrongly convicted get proof of their innocence. The causes of wrong convictions are wide ranging and comprise all features of the pre-trial and trial stages of the criminal justice process ranging from false allegations, incompetent police investigation, police misconduct, erroneous forensic science and evidence, and poor representation from criminal defense lawyers. Once an alleged victim of an unjust conviction has lost their appeal, there is a slight opportunity that the courts will be in a position to stop the conviction3. In these cases, victims of wrongful convictions are likely to have exhausted the legal aid unit and it will be up to them, their friends, supporters, families, pro-bono lawyers and voluntary groups to uncover the evidence of innocence and present it to the relevant authorities such as the Criminal Cases Review Commission (CCRC). 2Investigating a suspected wrongful conviction is a long and challenging process. Cases of high profile injustices like the Cardiff Newsagent Three and Sean Hodgson show that it can take several years of investigation before the evidence that leads to the quashing of the conviction is found4. Many projects that attempt to exonerate innocent people out of prison have come up. One such project is the Innocence Network project founded in 1992 whose principle objective is to get as many innocent people out of prison as possible and turn the experience of these people into a learning experience that could help repair the systematic failings in the criminal justic e system5. The project exonerates people by use of post-conviction DNA where the DNA from the crime scene is tested against the DNA of the accused. Often, people wrongly convicted of serious crimes like homicide or abuse has

Can feminism be thought of as a theory of law Essay Example for Free

Can feminism be thought of as a theory of law Essay As a concept, feminism is very much a modern notion within legal circles, which aims to eradicate any prejudice against womens rights. This in a society strongly founded upon a male-orientated legal system, which historically fails to recognise the social and legal rights of women, and instead focuses upon male-orientated theories and ideologies.1 It is this patriarchy that feminists thrive to eliminate. The essence of patriarchy is emphasised by the Marxist legal theory, developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in the 19th Century, which places no emphasis upon gender, and consequently belittles the feminists fight for gender equality. Juxtaposed with the rigid Marxist approach to legal rule is the postmodernist dialect that offers a positive method of forcing individuals to confront and change the rigid contexts and structures (including laws) within which they have arbitrarily confined themselves.2 The ideology of feminism is split into three distinct categories, all of which work towards one common goal of removing gender prejudices: 1) Liberal feminism is grounded in classical liberal thinking that individuals should be free to develop their own talents and pursue their own interests. Liberal feminists accept the basic organisation of our society but seek to expand the rights and opportunities of women. Liberal feminists support equal rights and oppose prejudice and discrimination that block the aspirations of women.3 2) Socialist feminism is an evolution from Marxist conflict theory, essentially made in reaction to the little attention Marx paid to gender. Socialist feminists argue that the bourgeois family must be restructured to end domestic slavery in favour of some collective means of carrying out housework and child care. The key to this goal, in turn, is a socialist revolution that creates a state-centred economy operating to meet the needs of all. Such a basic transformation of society requires that women and men pursue their personal liberation together, rather than individually, as liberal feminists maintain.4 3) The third form of feminism is radical feminism. This, as the name suggests is the most extreme version of feminism, it disregards the liberal theory as superficial and inadequate,5 and they claim that even a socialist revolution would not end patriarchy. Radical feminists strive to create a society free from any gender inequality by completely abolishing the cultural notion of gender. To look at these three forms of feminism an observer would be ignorant to discard feminism as having no legal influence, as it is clear to see from these that support for such movements is vast and comes in various forms, all of which attack the same enemy, patriarchy, albeit in differing manners. These differing methods are accentuated by recent developments and movements in society, particularly in the 20th Century these can be clearly highlighted by looking at the actions of the suffragettes in 1910, which illustrate a more active approach to campaigning. As previously mentioned feminist legal theories are a contemporary concept, for this reason a radical new methodology in legal theory is required in order to encompass the new issues raised by feminism as a legal theory. Such a new methodology could be found in the critical legal theory method, as it would be able to incorporate feminist views such as the theory that a male-orientated appreciation of law emphasises individualism and rights at the expense of female emphases upon interaction and cooperation. 6 This approach is however, solely a theoretical one, and as such it does not entirely cover the needs of feminism, insofar as feminism is only partially and peripherally concerned with academic theorising,7 the major part of the work of feminism is to promote the dissatisfactions of a wide spectrum of women, which highlight the general inequality felt by women in regards to legal and social equality. Therefore critical legal studies, instead of acting as a definition, are rather a useful means of indicating the explicit and implicit male orientation of law and legal administration and the resulting disadvantage and marginalisation often suffered by women.8 This has led to the recognition of three fundamental elements which personify a feminist legal theory. These are: a) asking the woman question, i.e. the extent of the presence and recognition of womens experience in law; b) feminist practical reasoning, meaning a reasoning which proceeds from context and values difference and the experience of the unempowered; and c) consciousness raising, meaning an exploration of the collective experience of women through a sharing of individual experiences.9 These three elements, outlined above by Katherine T. Bartlett, are designed to act as the source for future feminist legal theory development, particularly in respect of womens outlook upon law with the intention of improving womens legal position in the future development or redevelopment of law.10 The legal evolution, or, redevelopment, mentioned above is one in which women strive to see a revolution from an inherently male legal mindset implicitly discriminating against women because it is framed in terms of male experience which does not necessarily relate to that of women.11 That is to say, that in numerous situations women are expected to mirror full-time, long-term and unionised male workers, when in reality women digress from this norm insofar as their working patterns tend to be far more interrupted and part-time. From this a clear paradox is produced, as feminists while thriving to be treated as the males equal simultaneously require a variant from this norm in order to account for their differing responsibilities. This attitude is stressed distinctly by the remarks of Joanne Conaghan and Louise Chudleigh, when they say, labour law both embodies and conceals the gender division of labour and, by focusing exclusively on the world of paid work, ignores the differing responsibilities [of] men and women.12 Such inadequacies within the legal system are numerous and ironically even legal structures that aim to eradicate gender discrimination can be seen to be based upon analogies created from irrelevant, and sometimes outdated, male experience. An unmistakable example of this is the treatment of maternity leave as analogous to the sick leave of their male counterpart. This is coupled by the notion that parenting is predominantly the females role, which is highlighted by the very limited provisions for paternity leave. 13 The underlying problem here is that, in order to be treated fairly and without any prejudice women are required to meet a norm set by existing male experiences which by there very nature do not create a balanced equality, and thus existing legal standards and concepts disadvantage women14 as they merely incorporate women into existing male-orientated legal structures, rather than recreating the legal structures so as to be established upon male and female requirements. The above mentioned relationship between female legal theory and critical legal studies creates a clear enhancement, in regards to political knowledge and understanding of feminists legal argument, and consequently for the female legal theory. The noticeable thing to emphasise from this is the disadvantaging effect of concealed and frequently unrealised bias in a legal order which has for the most part developed from male rather than female experience,15 and has therefore produced a rather lopsided legal system in favour of men. This prejudice has now been identified, thanks to the relationship between critical legal studies and feminist legal theory, this identification can be perceived as a significant legal stepping stone towards a legal system that not only incorporates females, but is instead founded upon female and male experiences resulting in an equality which is not merely all encompassing in terms of a male perspective, but rather an equality that is derived from the experi ences of both genders. Strongly contrasting the accommodating nature of critical legal studies in relation to female legal theories, are those theories of law and society created by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Their creation, Marxism, a derivative of a much older proposition by Immanuel Kant that stated that, every thesis has a contrary antithesis16 and that eventual resolution of these two contradictory perspectives, through revolution, would end up creating an absolute understanding. This led to Marx placing specific importance upon an economic foundation from which all things within society, both social and political, are merely superstructure. It is for this reason that Marxism has been described as being a distinctly materialistic theory. A strong contrast can be seen between the feminist legal theory, which bases its social beliefs at the apex of its legal structure, and the Marxist theory which states that social understanding is seen as an ideological perception of the economic relations existing at a given time which will change as the underlying economic relationships alter.17 Here it is clear that a Marxist approach would place very little emphasis upon the social question of gender inequality, but would instead focus upon an economic foundation with the speculation that if a high enough proportion of society feel a need to increase gender equality then a revolution would take place. For Marxism social revolution appears to be the basis for the theory to develop. It would therefore appear to be a theory that shows little appreciation for social needs, such as those displayed by the female legal theory. For feminists to advance their legal theory through a Marxist approach, the attitude of socialist feminists, as discussed above, would have to be adopted. That is to say that the bourgeois family must be restructured to end domestic slavery in favour of some collective means of carrying out housework and childcare. The key to this goal, in turn, is a socialist revolution that creates a state-centred economy operating to meet the needs of all. Such a basic transformation of society requires that women and men pursue their personal liberation together, rather than individually, as liberal feminists maintain.18 This once again highlights the idea of a union between both genders, encompassing experiences from both so as to enable females not only to be incorporated into an existing legal structure but instead to recreate a legal structure based upon the needs and experiences of both genders. A legal theory that promotes the liberating philosophy required in order to create a society able to accept the alterations needed to adequately unify both genders in a legal sense is the postmodern legal theory. This theory, commonly portrayed as a recipe for relativism,19 also displays the characteristics needed in order to force individuals to confront and change the rigid contexts and structures (including laws) within which they have arbitrarily confined themselves.20 In this sense it is the ideal method for women to promote and execute the installation of their female legal theory. As it would not only tolerate an amendment in the law to integrate women into existing law, but more than this it would allow them to change the rigid contexts and structures mentioned above, which have prevented the advancement of gender equality within the legal structure. However, postmodernism also raises some problems in relation to feminist jurisprudence. Hilaire Barnett states that there must be developed critiques which reject the universalist, foundationalist, philosophical and political understanding offered by modernismand in its place there exists diversity, plurality, competing rationalities, competing perspectives and uncertainty as to the potentiality of theory.21 In general, here she is saying that women must resist generalising their condition within society, and instead focus upon the multiplicity of subjectivities, identities, which inhere in the individual.22 Overall, I believe feminism to be undoubtedly fundamental in some way. The critical legal theory discussed above shows how society has failed to display mutuality, not only towards women as members of society but towards men and women, through an improper discriminatory selectivity, generate alienation and, ultimately, disfunctionality in the working of a legal order.23 This inequality has led to the recognition of three fundamental elements which personify a feminist legal theory. Resistance is however, met by a Marxist legal theory, which displays very little appreciation of gender issues. However, a feminist theory could be adopted through the Marxist bourgeois revolutionary approach, which would see both genders uniting in a revolution to change the pre-adopted norms of society. This idea of changing preconceived rules and laws within society would allow a feminist legal theory to develop, an idea given weight to by the postmodern legal theory, which also places special emphasis upon withdrawing from a united generalisation of women and instead focusing upon them as individuals. Therefore, I would argue that feminism can be thought of as a theory of law, albeit not on the same scale as other theories previously mentioned, such as Marxism. But its rapid evolution and recent political and legal enhancement within society makes it a theory with considerable weight, and certainly a theory fundamental in some way. 1 Textbook on Jurisprudence Hilaire McCoubrey and Nigel D. White 2 Textbook on Jurisprudence Hilaire McCoubrey and Nigel D. White 3 Sociology A Global Introduction John J. Macionis and Ken Plummer 4 Sociology A Global Introduction John J. Macionis and Ken Plummer 5 Resisting Patriarchy: The Womens Movement and Feminism 6 Textbook on Jurisprudence Hilaire McCoubrey and Nigel D. White 7 Dworkin, Which Dworkin? Taking Feminism Seriously in P. Fitzpatrick and A. Hunt, eds., Critical Legal Studies (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1987), p.47.) 8 Textbook on Jurisprudence Hilaire McCoubrey and Nigel D. White 9 Katherine T. Bartlett, Feminist Legal Method (1970) 103 Harv L Rev, 829 10 Katherine T. Bartlett, Feminist Legal Method (1970) 103 Harv L Rev, 829 11 Textbook on Jurisprudence Hilaire McCoubrey and Nigel D. White 12 Women in Confinement: Can Labour Law Deliver the Goods? In Critical Legal Studies, p. 133 at p. 137. 13 Textbook on Jurisprudence Hilaire McCoubrey and Nigel D. White 14 Feminist Legal Methods (1970) 103 Harv L Rev , p.829 at p.837. 15 Textbook on Jurisprudence Hilaire McCoubrey and Nigel D. White 16 Textbook on Jurisprudence Hilaire McCoubrey and Nigel D. White 17 Textbook on Jurisprudence Hilaire McCoubrey and Nigel D. White 18 Sociology A Global Introduction John J. Macionis and Ken Plummer 19 Textbook on Jurisprudence Hilaire McCoubrey and Nigel D. White 20 Textbook on Jurisprudence Hilaire McCoubrey and Nigel D. White 21 H. Barnett, Introduction to Feminist Theory (London: Cavendish Publishers, 1998, p. 180. 22 H. Barnett Introduction to Feminist Jurisprudence, pp. 1179-80 23 Textbook on Jurisprudence Hilaire McCoubrey and Nigel D. White

Slavery in the Caribbean Essay -- Caribbean History

Slavery in the Caribbean The beginning of slavery in the Caribbean can be traced back to the emergence of piracy in the 16th and 17th centuries. This eventually led to the promotion of slave trading and sugar plantations. While enslaved on the sugar plantations, slaves were treated very poorly. Plantation owners treated their slaves so poorly that most were undernourished and diseased. Slaves were even forced to work on their "spare" time to provide for their own needs. Needless to say, slaves encountered cruel punishment that we can’t even comprehend. The slaves however, continually resisted white supremacy causing much tension between the two social classes. Despite this, a new social class was emerging, the free coloureds. This confused matters even worse and made for a bigger separation between white and slave. Eventually however, emancipation of slavery finally occurred in 1834. The first display of piracy was by John Hawkins who made a 60% profit on the first slaves he sold. This eventually led to the promotion of slave trading and sugar plantations. By the 17th century, over 50% of slaves coming into the New World were being led to the Caribbean. This led to the emergence of the sugar plantations, which drastically changed the lives of everyone in the Caribbean. A slave society certainly emerged, as there was always a need for more slaves. The slave turnover ratio was tremendous as many died because of disease etc†¦ It became somewhat ridiculous because sugar production required many more slaves and not much more of a profit than cotton plantations. Slaves were treated quite harshly and in an unfair manner and therefore the whole plantation system was degrading. There are many horrors that occurred on the plant... ...here there was going to be a slave insurrection. The emancipation of the slaves in the 19th century changed their title, yet they were still undermined. Emancipation started in 1834 when Britain started to "legally abolish slavery" (Knight, 167). In 1886, Cuba had freed its slaves and finally the whole slave society in the Caribbean had been abolished. However, once these new societies emerged, social tensions still existed among the settlers and colonists. Nonetheless, slave systems were emancipated for political and economical reasons. Economically, sugar plantations were declining in production and the rum became scarcer. Politically, hopes and pride began to grow in the Caribbean thus leading to a natural separation with their mother countries. However, the disintegration of the slave trade occurred inevitably and certainly was not caused by slave uprisings.

Crisis Management

Crises Management in Public Schools Review of Crisis in Public Schools throughout the United States Throughout the United States students in public schools have experienced many crises. Students have witnessed or experienced many different types of crisis which can include: violence, death, accidents, family issues, natural disasters and terrorism. Statistics from the National Center for Educational Statistics (2008) show that in the 2003-04 school year there were 19 homicides and 3 suicides that occurred at school. Outside of school in the 2003-04 school year there were 1,437 homicides and 1,285 suicides of youth ages 5 to 18. According to the Fatality Analysis Reporting System Encyclopedia (2008) in the year 2007, there were 2,022 children ages 0-15 and 5,338 teens ages 16-20 who died in fatal car accident. Other crises include disasters. Since 2003 there have been 4 hurricanes (hurricanes Isabel, Ivan, Katrina, and Ophelia) in the United States. Hurricane Katrina displaced over 372,000 school-aged children (Dickenson, 2008). In the September 11 attack, there were 3,051 children who lost a parent (New York Media, 2008). Earthquakes, thunderstorms, and tornadoes also have caused major fatalities and displacements. Public Schools in the United States â€Å"need to be ready to handle crisis, large and small, to keep children and staff out of harm’s way†. There must be a â€Å"Crisis Intervention or Management Plan†, in case any of these crises occur in the school. Unfortunately, not all do. School Psychologists play a significant role of the crisis management team and should review the plan and know their part in crisis management for schools during and after the crises occurs. Crisis Management, as defined by The Model School Crisis Management Plan (1999), is â€Å"that part of a school division’s approach to school safety which focuses more narrowly on a time-limited, problem-focused intervention to identify, confront and resolve the crisis, restore equilibrium, and support appropriate adaptive responses†. This paper will address the following: recent research on what school crisis management plans should include, definition and signs of posttraumatic stress disorder, and resources to guide school psychologists in playing an important role in risis management. Resent research on crisis management plans The Center for Mental Health in Schools at UCLA (2008) created a 161 page crisis prevention and response plan for schools to use as a resource. In it they define the major facets of crisis response as being: 1. communication, 2. direction and coordination, and 3. health and safety. These major facets should be implemented during the emergency, immediate aftermath, days/weeks following, and in prevention. The Psychological First Aid approach which was developed by the National Center for PTSD to help children, adolescents, adults, and families in the immediate aftermath of disaster and terrorism should also be included in the crisis management plan. It is â€Å"designed to reduce the initial distress caused by traumatic events and to foster short-and long-term adaptive functioning and coping† (NCTSN, 2006). The Psychological First Aid for school aged children should be implemented immediately after the trauma and includes three basic objectives: managing the situation, mobilizing support, and following up. Definition and signs of posttraumatic stress disorder Posttraumatic Stress Disorder â€Å"is an anxiety disorder that can occur after you have been through a traumatic event†¦ during this type of event, you think that your life or others’ lives are in danger. You may feel afraid or feel that you have no control over what is happening† (NCPTSD, 2008). If these feelings persist over a long time and interfere with a person’s daily life, they are experiencing PTSD. Elementary school-aged children show different signs of PTSD than adults. Instead of experiencing flashbacks or amnesia, children experience â€Å"time skew† (mis-sequencing trauma related events) and â€Å"omen formation† (belief that there were warning signs that predicted the trauma) and may reenact the trauma in play, drawings, or verbalization (Hamblen, 1998). Adolescents resemble the signs of adults, but may also reenact the trauma in some part of their daily life. Resources for school psychologists in crisis management The National Association of School Psychologists (2000) has a list of website resources that guide school psychologists on various school safety and crisis information. Some resources include: school safety/violence prevention, suicide prevention/intervention, trauma, natural disasters, and war/terrorism materials. One approach the NASP recommends for school psychologists in identifying coping strategies is the BASIC Ph Coping Model by Dr. Mooli Lahad. The model â€Å"suggests that people possess six potential characteristics or dimensions that are at the core of an individual’s coping style† (Zenere, 2004). The six coping styles are Belief, Affect, Social, Imagination, Cognitive, and Physiological. There are many organizations and associations listed on the Ed. gov â€Å"Emergency Planning† website. It is important for school psychologists to recognize their important role in the crisis management team. They should use the resources available to them to aid in the school’s process of developing the crisis management plan. School psychologists should also stay up-to-date on current research regarding outcomes of tragedy in children. Together as a team, they have the ability to help children, and hopefully reduce PTSD in children after a trauma. References Center for Mental Health in Schools at UCLA. (2008). Responding to a Crisis at a School. Los Angeles, CA: Author. Retrieved December 2, 2008, from http://smhp. psych. ucla. edu/ Dickenson, C. (2008, November). Children Displaced by Hurricane Katrina. Communique, 37(3), 32. Fatality Analysis Reporting System Encyclopedia (2008). National Statistics. Retrieved December 2, 2008, from http://www-fars. nhtsa. dot. gov/Main/index. aspx Hamblen, J. (1998). PTSD in Children and Adolescents. National Center for PTSD. Retrieved December 2, 2008, from http://www. ncptsd. va. ov/ncmain/ncdocs/fact_shts/fs_children. html National Association of School Psychologists (2000). Information for Educators. Retrieved December 3, 2008, from http://www. nasponline. org/educators/index. aspx National Center for Education Statistics (2008). Indicators of School Crime and Safety:2007. Retrieved December 2, 2008, from http://nces. ed. gov/programs/crimeindicators/crimeindicators2007/ NCTSN: National Child Trau matic Stress Network (2006). Psychological First Aid: Field Operations Guide (2nd Ed). Retrieved December 3, 2008, from http://www. ncptsd. va. ov/ncmain/ncdocs/manuals/smallerPFA_2ndEditionwithappendices. pdf U. S. Department of Education (2008). Emergency Planning. Retrieved December 2, 2008, from http://www. ed. gov/admins/lead/safety/emergencyplan/index. html Virginia General Assembly (1999). The Model School Crisis Management Plan, 2. Retrieved December 2, 2008, from http://pen6. pen. k12. va. us/VDOE/Instruction/model. html Zenere, F. (2004). How Children with Trauma and Ongoing Threat: The BASIC Ph Model. National Association of School Psychologists. Retrieved December 2, 2008, from http://www. nasponline. org/

Learn About the Geography of the Middle Eastern Country of Pakistan

Pakistan,  officially called the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is located in the  Middle East  near the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman. It is bordered by  Afghanistan,  Iran,  India,  and  China. Pakistan is also very close to Tajikistan, but the two countries are separated by the Wakhan Corridor in Afghanistan. The country has the sixth-largest population in the world and the second-largest  Muslim population  in the world after Indonesia.  The country is divided into  four provinces, one territory, and one capital territory for local administration. Fast Facts: Pakistan Official Name: Islamic Republic of PakistanCapital: IslamabadPopulation: 207,862,518 (2018)Official Languages: Urdu, EnglishCurrency: Pakistani rupee (PKR)Form of Government: Federal parliamentary republicClimate: Mostly hot, dry desert; temperate in northwest; arctic in northTotal Area: 307,373 square miles (796,095 square kilometers)Highest Point:  K2 (Mt. Godwin-Austen) at 28,251 feet (8,611 meters)  Lowest Point: Arabian Sea at 0 feet (0 meters) Geography and Climate of Pakistan Pakistan has a varied topography that consists of the flat, Indus plain in the east and the Balochistan plateau in the west. In addition, the Karakoram Range, one of the worlds highest mountain ranges, is in the north and northwest part of the country. The worlds second-highest mountain,  K2, is also within Pakistans borders, as is the famous 38-mile (62 km) Baltoro Glacier. This glacier is considered one of the longest glaciers outside of the Earths polar regions. The climate of Pakistan varies with its topography, but most of it consists of hot, dry desert, while the northwest is temperate. In the mountainous north,  though, the climate is harsh and considered  Arctic. Economics and Land Use in Pakistan Pakistan is considered a developing nation and has a highly underdeveloped economy. This is largely because of its decades of political instability and a lack of foreign investment. Textiles are Pakistans main export, but it also has industries that include food processing, pharmaceuticals, construction materials, paper products, fertilizer,  and shrimp. Agriculture in Pakistan includes cotton, wheat, rice, sugarcane, fruits, vegetables, milk, beef, mutton,  and eggs.  Resources include natural gas reserves and limited petroleum. Urban vs. Rural Just over one-third of the population lives in urban areas (36.7 percent), though that number is increasing slightly. Most of the population lives in the areas near the Indus River and its tributaries, with Punjab the most densely populated province.   Earthquakes Pakistan is situated above two tectonic plates, the Eurasian and Indian plates, and their motion makes the country primarily a site of major strike-slip earthquakes. Earthquakes above 5.5 on the Richter scale are relatively common. Their location in relation to population centers determines whether there will be extensive loss of life. For example, a 7.4 magnitude earthquake January 18, 2010, in southwest Pakistan, didnt cause any fatalities, but another in the same province that came in at a 7.7 in September 2013 killed more than 800. Four days later, another 400 people were killed in the province in a 6.8 magnitude quake. The worst in recent memory was in Kashmir in the north in October 2005. It measured 7.6, killed 80,000, and left 4 million homeless. More than 900 aftershocks rolled on afterward for almost three weeks.   Sources Central Intelligence Agency. CIA: The World Factbook: Pakistan.Dawn. Timeline of major earthquakes in Pakistan: 1971-2018.